Dari bergelut dengan buku hingga menjadi tentara, para pemuda memang tak segan untuk mempertahankan tanah air dengan tumpah darahnya. Begitulah yang terjadi kepada para pemuda masa perjuangan untuk mempertahankan kemerdekaan.
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Setelah proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia dikumandangkan, pemuda masih terus berjuang. Para pemuda, yang diwakili rombongan pelajar, sepakat untuk mengadakan Kongres Pelajar Indonesia pertama pada 25-28 September 1945 di Yogyakarta.
Di tanah lapang Kridosono, tepatnya, mereka membuka kongres pada 15 September 1945, dihadiri orang-orang penting seperti Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX, Paku Alam VIII, dan para pemimpin Komite Nasional Daerah.
Sekitar delapan ribu pemuda pelajar Sekolah Menengah Yogya, beserta para utusan dari kota-kota seluruh Jawa dan Madura, memenuhi lapangan itu.
Hasilnya, pada 28 September 1945, mereka membacakan mosi yang dikenal sebagai “Ikrar Pelajar Republik Indonesia” dengan hasil pernyataan: (1) Kami adalah pelajar Negara Republik Indonesia; (2) Menolak menjadi pelajar pemerintah lain daripada pemerintah Republik Indonesia; (3) Menyediakan tenaga, jiwa dan raga untuk kepentingan kemerdekaan Bangsa dan Negara Indonesia.
Kongres tersebut juga membentuk Ikatan Pelajar Indonesia (IPI) sebagai wadah perjuangan pelajar Indonesia. Dari sinilah, para pemuda itu bergerak dan berjuang.
Mereka mulai berurusan dalam bidang sosial, dari garis belakang peperangan hingga medan pertempuran. Di tengah-tengah gempuran perang antara sekutu dan para pejuang, ada para anggota IPI yang turut serta mempertaruhkan nyawanya hingga titik darah penghabisan.
Tapi, kongres pertama serasa belum cukup. Empat bulan kemudian, para pelajar kembali mengadakan Kongres Pelajar II dari 1-5 Januari 1946 di Madiun. Demi mempertahankan tanah air, sekaligus merealisasikan ikrar pelajar, Kongres II mewadahi bagian pertahanan dalam pengurusan besar IPI.
Para pelajar yang berjibaku sebagai tentara mulai bermunculan dan bisa berlindung di balik wadah ini. Pasukan-pasukan pelajar yang diketahui seperti Batalyon 200 di Solo; Batalyon 300 di Yogyakarta; Batalyon 500 di Jawa Timur; Batalyon 400 di Siliwangi, lalu Batalyon 500 di Banyumas dan Pekalongan.
Mereka dihimpun oleh Bagian Pertahanan Pelajar Pusat/Markas Besar Tentara Pelajar Pusat di Yogyakarta. Pasukan-pasukan pelajar kemudian dijadikan Korps Reserve Umum Brigade “W” (KRUW) pada 1 Maret 1948 hingga 31 Oktober 1948. Keadaan tersebut bahkan mengantarkan mereka menjadi bagian dari Tentara Nasional Indonesia Brigade XVII yang bergerak di bidang pertahanan dan keamanan negara.
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